(一)2008年高考考试大纲的变化
2008年英语《考试大纲》与07年相比仅有微小的变动。 词汇 在07年《考纲》的基础上增加了240个词； 阅读理解 增加了对作者 “观点 ” 的理解；在07年 写作 要求中删去了 “ 要求考生根据提示进行书面表达 ” 一句，体现了题型 稳定的原则。

(二)08年考试大纲对高考复习备考的指导意义
《考纲》的变化说明：阅读理解的难度会有所增加；写作更倾向于开放性作文，考生会有更大的自由发挥空间，特别注意书信、日记、报道、图表作文等应用文体 。
   高考对学生英语知识的考查主要体现在词汇和语法两个方面：
词汇方面： 08年《考试大纲》沿用的是07年大纲附录词汇表，所列词汇大约2000个左右，新增词汇240。
重点记忆并掌握《考纲》中的2000个词汇，其中动词、名词、形容词、副词等实词是重点，动词是核心，词义辨析和习惯搭配是考查的热点。针对单词拼写考题：应熟记“常见易错”的实词。如：explain – explanation decide--decision pronounce — pronunciation
  familiar– similar  success- succeed  terrible—terribly  recognize – organize
instruction--construction  restaurant  satellite astronaut 等以及一些常见的不规则动词。
考查方式：词汇在 不同语境中 的应用。
语法方面：我们应依据08《考试大纲》附录中的语法项目表，对词法、句法等内容进行系统的复习，相对而言，语法的复习应该更 侧重句法的运用 。

(三)08年高考试题命题趋势
2008年是陕西省高考英语自主命题的第三年，试题的命制会继续贯穿和体现 “ 稳中求新，稳中求变 ” 的命题思路。主要特征：立足双基，紧扣大纲；突出语篇，强调应用；难度适当，分布合理；透析时代，贴近生活。

(四)高考英语热点透视
热点一：考查冠词的用法。主要考查不定冠词和定冠词的基本用法以及零冠词和固定搭配。
（07全国卷Ⅱ,19）1. --Could you tell me the way to   _____  Johnsons , please? 
-- Sorry , we don’t have      __  Johnson here in the village . 
A. the ; the  B. the ; a  C. / ; the   D. the ; / 
(07陕西17) 3. In_____ film Cast Away , Tom Hanks plays _____man named Chuck Noland . 
         A. a ; the            B. the ; a     
         C. the ; the          D. a ; a
(07福建22）--How about ____ Christmas evening party？
      --I should say it was____ success .
         A. a ; a   B. the ; a   C. a ; /    D.the ; /
[应试策略] 考生应熟知不定冠词表示泛指和定冠词表示特指的意义；特别要注意抽象名词具体化和具体名词抽象化；注意零冠词和固定搭配的使用情况。

☆热点二：考查代词的用法。主要考查替代词、不定代词的使用。
(07陕西16)—There’s still a copy of the book in the library .Will you go and borrow_____?
--No, I’d rather buy______ in the bookstore . 
 A. it ; one    B. one ; one    C. one ; it     D. it ; it
(07四川32) Little joy can equal ______ of a surprising ending when you read stories . 
A. that   B. those    C. any     D. some  
(07福建23) The book is of great value. ______ can be enjoyed unless you digest it . 
A. Nothing     B. Something     C. Everything     D.Anything
[应试策略] 考生应熟练掌握代词it ; one /ones ； that / those 用法（其中one ; that是考查热点），注意与指示代词it 的区别；特别留意表示两者的either , neither 与all, none 等不定代词的区别。

☆热点三：考查形容词副词比较级。主要考查形容词比较级、同级比较级时倍数及名词的位置、副词（词组）的意思、用法及位置等。
(07福建32) —Do you need any help, Lucy ?  
---Yes .The job is ______ I could do myself .
     A. less than      B. more than     C. no more than    D. not more than
(07湖北21) This magazine is very _____ with young people , who like its content and style.
    A. familiar   B. popular    C. similar   D. particular
(07陕西7) Though he started late , Mr. Gao played the piano as well as , if ____, Miss Liu.  
      A. not better than     B. not better     C. no better than      D. no better
[应试策略] 考生答题时除了捕捉形容词和副词的标志词than 还应注意暗示比较的情况，同级比较的倍数应放在 as   …  as 结构外面，名词应放在as adj. a/an +n  as … 里面; 注意副词(短语）如: though, yet , however, so , else 等的意思及使用特点和形容词，副词的词义辨析。 

☆热点 四: 考查情态动词, 主要考查情态动词表推测以及 “ 情态动词+完成时 ” ,间或考查常见情态动词基本用法。
(07全国Ⅰ,27) 1.—How’s your tour around the North Lake ? Is it beautiful ?
-- It _______ be , but it is now heavily polluted . 
A. will   B. would    C. should   D. must
(07陕西14) I told your frield how to get to the hotel, but perhaps I _____ have driven her there.  
A. could    B. must  C. might    D. should
(07江西27) —Where is my dictionary ? I remember I put it yesterday.
   — You_____it in the wrong place. 
 A.must put     B.should have put    C.might put    D.might have put
(07四川24)—What does the sign over there read ?
—“No person_____smoke or carry a lighted cigarette ,cigar or pipe in this area. ”
  A.will   B.may   C.shall   D.must
 [应试策略] 考生应熟知常用情态动词的基本用法，重点掌握can , may , must , should 表推测的用法和“情态动词+完成式”的用法。另外，注意will 表示一种“倾向性或习惯性动作” 以及shall表“强制性”和“允诺”的用法。

☆热点五：考查动词（词组）词义辨析。主要考察常用动词以及动词词组搭配。
(07全国Ⅱ,13) I have _____ all my papers but I still can’t find any notes .
   A. looked through   B. looked for   C. looked after      D. looked out
(07陕西11) .We had wanted to finish our task by noon,but it didn’t quite_____as planned.
A.find out     B.give out    C.hand out     D.work out
 [应试策略] 考生应熟练掌握常用动词及短语的用法，注意动词的词义辨析，习惯搭配以及一词多义现象，特别注意一些搭配能力强的动词如：call, come, find, go, get,look, make, put, turn, work 等构成的短语。  

☆热点六:考查非谓语动词的用法,特别是不定式作定语、状语、不定式的省略以及分词作状语和补语。
(07浙江9)The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle_____. 
A .to be heard      B.to have heard       C.hearing       D.being heard
(07陕西15) _____that she didn’t do a job,I don’t think I am abler than her.
A.To have said     B.Having said     C.To say      D.Saying
(07全国Ⅰ，28/宁夏28)We all know that, ____,the situation will get worse.
A.not it dealt carefully with     B.if not carefully dealt with
C.if dealt not carefullywith     D.not if carefully dealt with 
(07重庆25) The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons____for the day .
A.finishing      B.finished      C.had finished     D.were finished
[应试策略] 掌握三种非谓语动词（To do / V+ing /V+ed 的形式 ）的基本用法及区别，注意非谓语动词与其所修饰的词的关系，根据其逻辑关系选择表示主动或被动意义的非谓语动词。

☆热点七：考查动词时态，语态，注重在语境中考查动词时态的使用，主从句时态呼应和固定句式也是常考查点。一般现在时、现在进行时、一般过去时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时以及完成进行时是主要考查点，其中 “ 完成时态 ” 是高考考查的热点。
(07全国Ⅰ, 35)The flowers were so lovely that they____in no time.
A. sold       B. had been sold      C. were sold      D. would sell
(07陕西9) As a result of the sersious flood , two thirds of buildings in the area _____ .
A. need repairing     B. needs to repair   C. needs repairing      D.need to repair
(07天津13) If Newton lived today, he would be surprised by what____in science and technology.
A.had discovered     B.had been discovered    C.has discovered     D.has been discovered
[应试策略] 考生应熟知普通高中《英语课程标准（试验）》中所要求的十种常用时态和被动语态的构成及用法（其中“完成时态和进行时态”是考查的热点），解答时态和语态时一定要结合语境，弄清楚时间先后关系，可根据不同情况采取 “ 找标法（寻找时间标志词）、 “ 呼应法 ” （主、从句时态呼应）、 “ 搭配法 ” （固定搭配）、 “ 语境法 ” 等解题技巧，语态结合时态一起考查。

☆热点八: 考查各种复合句的用法。常考的复合句有名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句等，主要考查其引导词的选用。
(07北京，23) We shouldn’t spend our money testing so many people , most of____ are healthy. (定、从）A that   B which    C what    D whom 
(07陕西20)Today, we’ve discussed a number of cases ______ beginners of English fail to use the language properly. (定、从）
A. which  B. as   C. why   D. where 
(07陕西8) ______ parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children. 
  A. That   B. Which    C. What    D.As（名、丛）
(07江西29) He was told that it would be at least three more months _____ he could recover and return to work . 
  when   B. before    C. since   D. that（状、丛）
(07山东29) _____ I really don’t like art , I find his work impressive.
A. As     B. Since   C. If      D. While （状、丛）
[应试策略] 三大从句引导词的选择各有诀窍：名词性从句引导词的选择采用从句中 “ 缺什么补什么成份 ” 的原则；定语从句关系代词的选择需要 “ 看先行词在定语从句中作何成分，作主语、宾语、定语用关系代词，作状语用关系副词 ” ；状语从句引导词的选用主要根据句子的意思而定。
纵观近年高考试题：
以What等引导的名词性从句为考查的热点。
定语从句则主要考查： 
1. which 等引导的非限制性定语从句。
2. “ 介词+关系代词 ” 引导的定语从句。
3. where等关系副词引导的定语从句。  

☆热点九 ：考查特殊句式，如强调结构、倒装句、省略句。
(07全国Ⅱ,11)If Joe’s wife won’t go to the party , ____.
A.he will either   B.neither will he   C.he neither will   D.either he will
(07陕西10)_____that Marie was able to set up new branches elsewhere.
 A.So successful her business was    B.So successdul was her business
 C.So her business was successful    D.So was her successful business
 (07浙江10) It _____ we had stayed together for a couple of weeks _____ I found we had a lot in common.
A. was until ; when   B. was until ; that   C.wasn’t until; when   D. wasn’t until ;that
 [应试策略] 特殊句式往往有其特定标志，句子结构非常固定，因此答题时要善于捕捉标志词，然后做出正确的选择。

☆热点十: 考查交际英语,重在考查实际应用和英汉思维差异。 
(07全国Ⅰ,33)—Can you read the sign , sir ? No smoking allowed in the lift ! 
--______ . 
 A. Never mind  B. Don’t mention it  C. Sure , I don’t smoke  D. Pardon me 
—Could I use your computer for a few  moments ,please ?(07陕西6)
   —_____.I’m not using it myself
A.Come on   B.It depends   C.Go ahead   D.That’s great
  [应试策略] 考生应熟练掌握普通高中《英语课程标准（试验）》和《考试大纲》所要求的11类功能意念项目和24类话题项目，特别注意英汉思维不一致的情况，语言要适合具体的交际行为。

（五）探索命题规律
(07陕西7) Though he started late , Mr. Gao played the piano as well as , if ____ , Miss Liu.      A. not better than   B. not better    C.no better than    D. no better
 观察94年全国卷28题
NMET94,28  John plays football _______ , if not better than , David .
A. as well       B.as well as     C. so well       D.so well as 
( 07陕西14)  I told your friend how to get to the hotel, but perhaps I _____ have driven her there.     A. could  B. must  C. might  D. should
观察94年全国卷16题
(NMET94,16)I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I ______ for her.      
A. had to write it out            B. must have written it out
C. should have written it out      D. ought to write it out
(07四川32)  Little joy can equal ______ of a surprising ending when you read stories . 
A. that     B. those     C. any      D. some 
观察99年全国卷17题
NMET99,17  Few pleasures can equal ______ of a cool drink on a hot day .
A. some    B. any       C. that      D. those
(07浙江17) Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture, but when and where____ yet .
A.hasn’t been decided   B.havn’t decidedC.isn’t being decided  D.aren’t decided
观察91年全国卷17题
（1991 NMET）When and where to build the new factory ____ yet. 
A. is not decided      B. are not decided    C.has not decided    D. have not decided 
(   07重庆27) It is not who is right but what is right_____ is of importance .
A. which     B. it      C. that      D. this
观察05年天津卷第9题
  It is what you do rather than what you say _______ matters.
     A. that         B. what       C. which      D. this 
(07年天津13)  If Newton lived today , he would be surprised by what _____ in science and technology. 
A. had discovered   B. had been discovered   C. has discovered   D. has been discovered
观察06年福建卷第27题  
If it were not for the fact that she _____ sing , I would invite her to the party . 
A. couldn’t   B. shouldn’t   C. can’t   D. might not
(07江西)After graduation she reached a point in her career ______ she needed to decide what to do .    A.that    B.what     C.which     D.where
观察06年山东卷第26题
We’re just trying to reach a point _____ both sides will sit down together and talk .
A.where     B.that    C.when      D.which
(07江西29) He was told that it would be at least three more months _____ he could recover and return to work . 
A. when      B. before     C. since      D. that
观察04福建卷
Scientists say it may be five or six years____it is possible to test this medicine 
on human patients. 
 A ． since    B ． after     C ． before     D ． when
(07重庆28) Leonardo da Vinci (1452—1519)_____birds kept in cages in order to have the pleasure of setting them free.
A. is said to be buying    B.is said to have bought 
C.had said to buy        D.has said to have bought
观察05年江苏卷  
 --Is Bob performing ?
   --I’m afraid not . He is said ______ the stage already as he has become an official 
A.to have left    B.to leave   C.to have been left   D.to be left
……
对照观察，我们不能说这只是一种巧合，希望考生能够认真分析高考试题，不断探索，从中找出一种适合自己的复习备考方法。

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